湖南特有动植物

湖南特有植物

    湖南省特有植物共137种，其中蕨类14种(隶属5科8属)、祼子植物1种、被子植物122种(隶属51科90属)。湖南特有属仅1个，喜雨草属Ombrocharis，另外湖南参属Hunaniopanax为准特有属(除产湖南西南部至南部4个县的山顶云雾林中外，近年广西北部也有发现)。

镰形瘤足蕨          Plagiogyria falcate
刺柄凤尾蕨          Pteris esquirolii var. muricatula
湖南假蹄盖蕨        Athyriopsis hunanensis
慈利毛蕨            Cyclosorus ciliensis
岳麓山毛蕨          Cyclosorus pararidus
石门毛蕨            Cyclosorus simenensis
武陵毛蕨            Cyclosorus wulingshanensis
长沙针毛蕨          Macrothelypteris oligophlebia var. changshaensis
湖南复叶耳蕨        Arachniodes hunanensis
壶坪山复叶耳蕨      Arachniodes hupingshanensis
武陵山复叶耳蕨      Arachniodes wulingshaensis
新宁贯众            Cyrtomium sinningense
湖南黔蕨            Phanerophlebiopsis hunanensis
中间黔蕨            Phanerophlebiopsis intermedia
凹叶拟单性木兰      Parakmeria lotungensis var. xiangxiensis
无梗黄肉楠          Actinodaphne sessilifructa
湖南木姜子          Litsea hunanensis 
鸟足叶铁线莲        Clematis finetiana var. pedata
新宁毛茛            Ranunculus xinningensis
石门小檗            Berberis oblanceifolia
保靖淫羊藿          Epimedium baojingensis
紫距淫羊藿          Epimedium epsteinii
裂叶淫羊藿          Epimedium lobo-phyllum
偏斜淫羊藿          Epimedium truncatum
壶甁山碎米荠        Cardamine hupingshanensis
湖南阴山荠          Yinshania hunanensis   
永顺堇叶芥          Neomartinella yungshunensis
毛柄金腰            Chrysosplenium pilosopetiolatum
长角凤仙花          Impatiens longicornuta
多脉凤仙花          Impatiens polyneura
五柱绞股蓝          Gynostemma pentagynum
湖南赤瓟            Thladiantha hunanensis
大花尖连蕊茶        Camellia cuspidata var. grandiflora
尖叶猕猴桃          Actinidia callosa var. acuminata
无髯猕猴桃          Actinidia melanandra var. glabrescens
细梗锦香草          Phyllagathis gracilis
雪峰山梭椤树        Reevesia xuefengensis
湖南黄花稔          Sida cordifolioides
桃源野桐            Mallotus taoyuanensis
沅陵悬钩子          Rubus yuanlingensis
菱叶花楸            Sorbus rhombifolia
绒毛皂荚            Gleditsia japonica var. velutina
湖南山黑豆          Dumasia hunanica  
张家界山黑豆        Dumasia zhangjiajieensis
红檵木              Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum
湘柳                Salix balansae var. hunanensis
常宁柳              Salix chienii var. pubigera
湖南桤木            Alnus trabeculosa var. hunanensis
大庸鹅耳枥          Carpinus dayongina
密腺鹅耳枥          Carpinus glanduloso-punctata
石门鹅耳枥          Carpinus shimenensis
苦槠钩锥            Castanopsis kuchugouzhui
湘西青冈            Cyclobalanopsis xiangxiensis
毛茎梨序楼梯草      Elatostema ficoides var. puberulum
新宁楼梯草          Elatostema sinense var. xinningense
短叶冬青            Ilex brachyphylla 
城步冬青            Ilex chengbuensis 
武冈尾叶冬青        Ilex wilsonii var. handel-mazzettii
钝叶胡颓子          Elaeagnus obtusa  
腺枝葡萄            Vitis adenoclada  
沅陵葡萄            Vitis yuenlingensis
道县野桔            Citrus daoxianensis
莽山野桔            Citrus mangshanensis
毛叶岭南花椒        Zanthoxylum austrosinense var. pubescens
瘦叶蓝果树          Nyssa leptophylla 
松林杜鹃            Rhododendron pinetorum
黔阳杜鹃            Rhododendron qianyangense
淡红杜鹃            Rhododendron rhodanthum
石门杜鹃            Rhododendron shimenense
天门山杜鹃          Rhododendron tianmenshanense
粘质杜鹃            Rhododendron viscidum
阳明山杜鹃          Rhododendron yangmingshanense
瑶岗仙杜鹃          Rhododendron yaoganxianense
宜章杜鹃            Rhododendron yizhangense
张家界杜鹃          Rhododendron zhangjiajieense
怀化秤锤树          Sinojackia oblongicarpa
抱茎白花龙          Styrax faberi var. amplexifolius
君山山矾            Symplocos junshanensis
隐脉李榄            Chionanthus obscurinervis
湖南蛇根草          Ophiorrhiza hunanica
垂茎三脉紫菀        Aster ageratoides var. pendulus
湖南紫菀            Aster hunanensis  
吉首紫菀            Aster jishouensis 
莽山紫菀            Aster mangshanensis
赤缨藤菊            Cissampelopsis erythrochaeta
保靖蒲儿根          Sinosenecio baojingensis （即高大蒲儿根）
湖南蒲儿根          Sinosenecio hunanensis
吉首蒲儿根          Sinosenecio jishouensis
崀山合耳菊          Synotis lanshanensis
黔阳过路黄          Lysimachia sciadophylla
粗筒唇柱苣苔        Chirita crassituba
十字唇柱苣苔        Chirita cruciformis
宽脉唇柱苣苔        Chirita latinervis
零陵唇柱苣苔        Chirita linglingensis
单花唇柱苣苔        Chirita monantha  
毛序唇柱苣苔        Chirita obtusidentata var. mollipes
粉花唇柱苣苔        Chirita roseo-alba
新宁唇柱苣苔        Chirita xinningensis
肾叶长蒴苣苔        Didymocarpus reniformis
报春长蒴苣苔        Didymocarpus sinoprimulinus
沅陵长蒴苣苔        Didymocarpus yuenlingensis
钝齿后蕊苣苔        Opithandra obtusidentata
湖南马铃苣苔        Oreocharis nemoralis
湖南香薷            Elsholtzia hunanensis
五脉斜萼草          Loxocalyx quinquenervius
短梗麻叶冠唇花      Microtoena urticifolia var. brevipedunculata
喜雨草              Ombrocharis dulcis
红花长叶假糙苏      Paraphlomis lanceolata var. subrosea
湖南黄岑            Scutellaria hunanensis
大叶长毛香科科      Teucrium pilosum var. macrophyllum
长苞血见愁          Teucrium viscidum var. longibracteatum
小慈姑              Sagittaria potamogetifolia
莽山谷精草          Eriocaulon mangshanense
湖南梨头尖          Typhonium hunanense
湖南水玉簪          Burmannia hunanensis
雪峰虾脊兰          Calanthe graciliflora var. xuefengensis
锈点苔草            Carex pseudo-ligulata
假头序苔草          Carex pseudo-phyllocephala
胡瓜草              Lipocarpha microcephala
鸡爪箭竹            Fargesia ungulata 
箭靶竹              Gelidocalamus longiinternodus
多叶井冈竹          Gelidocalamus multifolius
湖南箬竹            Indocalamus hunanensis
南岳箬竹            Indocalamus longiauritus var. hengshanensis
益阳箬竹            Indocalamus longiauritus var. yiyangensis
江华大节竹          Indosasa spongiosa
湖南刚竹            Phyllostachys carnea
长沙刚竹            Phyllostachys verrucosa
纤细茶竿竹          Pseudosasa gracilis
江永茶竿竹          Pseudosasa magilaminaria
膜舌茶竿竹          Pseudosasa membranacea
近实心茶竿竹        Pseudosasa subsolida
岳麓茶竿竹          Pseudosasa yuelushanensis
灰绿玉山竹          Yushania canoviridis 
湖南玉山竹          Yushania farinosa 
湖南碱草            Elymus hunanensis 
窄花柳叶箬          Isachne hirsuta var. angusta

湖南特有动物

    湖南省的特有动物有15种。

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